York Minster

York Minster The first comes from years 627 Bishop Paulinus accompanied the Christian princess Ethelburga of Kent, when she came north to marry Edwin of Northumbria. Edwin was convinced to convert to Christianity, and Paulinus baptized in a church built specifically for this purpose. The rude wooden church where nothing is to be regarded as the first York Minster. This first church was rebuilt in stone a few years later and dedicated to San Peter.

This church was rebuilt at St Wilfrid around 670, but was Egbert (732-766), the first recogised Archbishop of York, who made a cathedral and the school library the envy of Europe. The minister of the Church burned at 741, but was replaced by a glorious new church, which contains no less than 30 altars.

The following centuries were riots in York, the city was held by the Danes, axes, Nordic, and English. Pagan attackers left the church alone, and a Danish king, Guthfrith, converted to Christianity and was buried in the Ministry of 895

A later Archbishop, Ealdred, was responsible for the coronation of William the Conqueror London. Ealdred was buried in the minister in 1069, and only a few days later the church was seriously damaged in a battle between the Danes, Saxons and Normans.

The city of York and Minister William suffered greatly under "Harrying North", but a little more when a Danish invaders completely destroyed the church in 1075 The new Archbishop of York, Norman Thomas of Bayeux, rebuilt by the Minister. from 1080 Basis of this first church can be seen today in the foundations.

In 1137 the Minister has suffered serious damage from the fires again. The choir and crypt were rebuilt after 1154, and a chapel dedicated to St. Sepulcher was added to the nave. But this time the Secretary Norman was decidedly out of step with the new Gothic fashion then sweeping Europe.

A slow change of the minister launched in 1220 with the South, followed by the north transept. Style of these cruises are very unique, though they were built, but a couple of years. The trans-ship in the north is famous for its "Five Sisters", and five graceful lancet windows topped by five small Gables lancets. A large central tower was built in the same period as the cruises, but it collapsed in 1407. The subtle Chapter House, where the daily business was run by the Minister, started around 1260 It is a fine example of decorated Gothic style, which was then in vogue.
 
The grooved wood ceiling is really a masterpiece of medieval architecture, stained glass and tracery make even the five sisters shame.

The old Norman nave was rebuilt, starting around 1280 The new hall was exactly twice as long as the previous, making it the largest in Europe and the second highest (after Westminster Abbey), in England. The last part of the Norman cathedral, the choir was rebuilt in 1395.

Archbishop Richard Scrope was appointed by Richard II in 1398 Scrope then rebelled against his successor Richard, Henry IV in 1405, but was caught and executed before the walls of York.

A new central tower was begun in 1420 to replace the collapsed in 1407 (see above). In 1472 the reconstruction of the cathedral was declared complete and the minister confirmed. York Minster suffered heavily duriing the English Reformation and its consequences, Chantry chapels and shrines were destroyed under Edward VI, and much of the plate of the cathedral was destroyed.

But that was nothing compared to the suffering depradations Elizabeth I. The Home Secretary was stripped of his burial, funeral brasses, monuments, altars, ornaments, coats of arms and stained glass portraits.

The city of York was besieged by Parliamentary forces during the civil war. When the city surrendered after the Battle of Marston Moor, the parliamentary forces had a service of Thanksgiving at the Cathedral. The building was spared damage because of the influence of Thomas Fairfax, General Cromwell, which was based in Yorkshire.

But the building is not safe from the onslaught of development in this way. Lord Burlington in 1730 designed a new facility to minister in the neo-classical style of Palladio. The new marble flooring requires destruction of all Tomb of the cruise ship and left many in the choir too.

The building suffered several fires in the Victorian era, and the ravages of time have neccessitated running repairs during the 20th century, York Minster, but retains the charm of its rich history and wonderful architectural heritage.